Why: This analogy tests the relationship between an object and its primary function. Fire causes burning as its characteristic action, just as a knife is used for cutting as its primary function. The relationship is 'object : its primary function'. While a knife can wound and is sharp, and can be classified as a weapon, 'cut' is the most direct and primary function of a knife, parallel to how 'burn' is the primary function of fire. Therefore, the answer is B) Cut.

Why: This analogy tests the relationship between a creative work and its creator. A book is created by an author, establishing the relationship 'creative work : creator'. Similarly, a painting is created by an artist. While canvas is a material used in painting, color is a component, and picture is a synonym, 'artist' is the correct parallel relationship as the person who creates the painting. Therefore, the answer is A) Artist.

Why: This analogy tests the relationship between celestial bodies and their classification. The Moon is a satellite, which defines its category or type of celestial body. Similarly, Earth is a planet, which is its classification. The relationship is 'celestial body : its classification'. While Earth orbits the Sun and exists in space, 'planet' is the correct categorical relationship parallel to how 'satellite' classifies the Moon. Therefore, the answer is A) Planet.

Why: This analogy tests the relationship between a measuring instrument and what it measures. A clock measures time, establishing the relationship 'instrument : what it measures'. Similarly, a thermometer measures temperature. While a thermometer can detect heat and is used to identify fever, and relates to weather, 'temperature' is the fundamental quantity that a thermometer is designed to measure. Therefore, the answer is C) Temperature.

Why: This analogy tests the relationship between a professional and their primary output or decision. A doctor provides a diagnosis, which is the professional conclusion or determination made by a doctor. Similarly, a judge delivers a verdict, which is the professional conclusion or decision made by a judge. The relationship is 'professional : their primary professional output'. While judges work with law, may impose punishment, and aim for justice, 'verdict' is the specific formal decision that a judge delivers. Therefore, the answer is D) Verdict.