Why: This analogy tests the relationship between an object and its primary function or action. Fire causes burning as its characteristic action. Similarly, a knife is used for cutting as its primary function. The relationship is object-to-action. Option B (Cut) correctly completes the analogy because cutting is what a knife does, just as burning is what fire does. Options A (Wound) and D (Weapon) are secondary effects or classifications, while C (Sharp) is a descriptive property rather than an action.

Why: This analogy tests the creator-to-creation relationship. A book is created by an author, establishing the pattern of creator-to-work. Following the same logical relationship, a painting is created by an artist. The analogy identifies the professional creator of each work. Option A (Artist) is correct because an artist creates paintings just as an author creates books. Option B (Canvas) is a material/medium, C (Color) is a component, and D (Picture) is a synonym rather than the creator.

Why: This analogy tests the classification or category relationship. The Moon is a satellite—a celestial body that orbits a larger body. Earth is similarly a celestial body, but it belongs to a different category: it is a planet. The relationship identifies the classification of each celestial object. Option A (Planet) correctly completes the analogy because Earth is classified as a planet, just as the Moon is classified as a satellite. Option B (Orbit) is a path, C (Asteroid) is a different type of celestial body, and D (Sun) is a different category of celestial object.

Why: This analogy tests the professional-to-professional-action relationship. A doctor provides a diagnosis as their primary professional function—they examine and determine the nature of a medical condition. Similarly, a judge delivers a verdict as their primary professional function—they examine evidence and determine the legal outcome. The relationship identifies the characteristic professional action of each role. Option D (Verdict) is correct because a verdict is what a judge delivers, just as a diagnosis is what a doctor provides. Option A (Law) is a system, B (Punishment) is a consequence, and C (Justice) is an abstract concept rather than a specific action.

Why: This analogy tests the collective noun relationship. A school is the collective noun for a group of fish swimming together. Similarly, a flock is the collective noun for a group of birds flying together. The relationship identifies the specific term used to describe a group of each animal. Option B (Flock) is correct because a flock is the collective noun for birds, just as a school is the collective noun for fish. Option A (Nest) is a structure where birds live, C (Feathers) is a physical characteristic, and D (Sky) is an environment rather than a collective noun.