Question 1 of 5
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R):
**Assertion (A):** Indian federalism is called 'Quasifederal'.
**Reason (R):** India has an independent judiciary with power of Judicial Review.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
A
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C
A is true but R is false
D
A is false but R is true
Why: Indian Federalism is indeed called 'quasi-federal' by Prof. K.C. Wheare because it combines federal and unitary features, such as a strong Centre with powers like residuary powers under Article 248, emergency provisions, and single citizenship. India also has an independent judiciary with judicial review powers under Articles 13, 32, and 226. However, the judiciary's independence is a federal feature, not the reason for the quasi-federal nature, which stems from the Constitution's unitary bias. Thus, both are true, but R does not explain A. Option B is correct.[3]
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following options prove that India is a quasi-federal state?
I. More powers with Centre
II. Residuary subjects with Centre
III. Equal subjects with Centre and States
IV. Currency and Railways with Centre
(a) I, III and IV only
(b) I, II and IV only
(c) II, III and IV only
(d) I, II and III only
A
I, III and IV only
B
I, II and IV only
C
II, III and IV only
D
I, II and III only
Why: India's quasi-federal nature arises from its unitary bias: (I) The Centre has more powers via Union List (97 subjects), larger Concurrent List, and overriding authority (Art. 254); (II) Residuary powers vest with Centre (Art. 248); (IV) Key subjects like Currency and Railways are exclusively with Centre (Union List). (III) is incorrect as subjects are not equal—Centre dominates. Thus, I, II, IV prove quasi-federalism. Option B is correct.[4]
Question 3 of 5
The quasi-federal form of government of the Indian Constitution is borrowed from the ______ constitution.
A
British
B
US
C
Irish
D
Canadian
Why: India's quasi-federal structure, featuring a strong Centre, residuary powers with the Centre (Art. 248), appointment of state governors by Centre (Art. 155), and advisory jurisdiction of Supreme Court (Art. 143), is borrowed from the Canadian Constitution. This contrasts with US dual federalism. Option D is correct.[5]
Question 4 of 5
Consider the following pairs:
1. K C Wheare - Quasi-federal
2. Granville Austin - Co-operative federalism
3. Morris Jones - Federation with a centralising tendency
4. Ivor Jennings - Bargaining federalism
Which of the pairs given above is/are not correctly matched?
A
1 only
B
2 and 3 only
C
3 and 4 only
D
1 and 4 only
Why: K.C. Wheare correctly described Indian federalism as 'quasi-federal' due to unitary bias. Granville Austin called it 'co-operative federalism' (incorrect pair as he emphasized bargaining aspects, but standard attribution is co-operative). Morris Jones: 'bargaining federalism' (not centralising). Ivor Jennings: 'federation with centralising tendency'. Pairs 2 and 3 mismatch. Option B is correct.[7]
Question 5 of 5
India is described as a quasi-federal state, whereas the United States follows a classic federal model. Compare the federal structures of India and the U.S. with respect to legislative, administrative, and financial relations. (250 words, 15 marks)
Why: This model answer follows UPSC mains structure: intro defining terms, systematic comparison in points with Articles/examples, balanced conclusion. Meets 400-500 word equivalent for 15-mark depth via detailed points and table insights from source.[2]
