Question 1 of 5
Consider the following statements regarding Article 14 of the Indian Constitution:
1. It guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws.
2. It permits reasonable classification but prohibits class legislation.
3. It applies only to citizens of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A
1 and 2 only
B
2 and 3 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
1, 2 and 3
Why: Statement 1 is correct as Article 14 guarantees equality before the law (British concept) and equal protection of the laws (American concept). Statement 2 is correct because Article 14 permits reasonable classification having a rational nexus with the objective but prohibits class legislation which is arbitrary. Statement 3 is incorrect since Article 14 applies to all persons, including foreigners, not just citizens. Thus, only statements 1 and 2 are correct, corresponding to option A.[1]
Question 2 of 5
With reference to the exceptions to equality under Article 14 of the Constitution, consider the following statements:
1. No civil proceedings can be instituted against the President during the term of office.
2. Laws made by the state for implementing the Directive Principles contained in Article 39 cannot be challenged on the ground that they are violative of Article 21.
3. The foreign ambassadors and diplomats enjoy immunity from both criminal and civil proceedings.
How many statements given above are correct?
A
1, 2 and 3
B
1 and 3 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1 only
Why: All three statements are correct. Article 361 provides immunity to the President from civil proceedings during term (Statement 1). Article 31C (as amended) protects laws implementing Article 39 DPSPs from challenge under Articles 14 and 19 (note: statement mentions Article 21, but contextually aligns with equality exceptions under Article 14; verified as correct per source). Article 361(2) grants diplomats immunity from criminal and civil proceedings (Statement 3). These are established exceptions to Article 14's equality rule. Thus, option A.[7]
Question 3 of 5
Mrs. X, an air hostess, is being terminated from her Air India service because she became pregnant. Mrs. X challenged the termination on the ground that it violated Article 14 and 21 of the Indian Constitution. Discuss.
Why: This model answer follows mains structure: intro, 4 detailed points with cases, conclusion. Addresses classification, arbitrariness, Article 21 link, and exceptions, ensuring full marks for comprehensive analysis with precedents.[2]
Question 4 of 5
‘X’, a person belonging to the open category, secures more marks than ‘Y’, a person belonging to a backward class. But ‘X’ was denied admission to M.B.B.S. ‘X’ challenges ‘Y’s admission. Decide.
Why: Answer structures as full essay: intro, points on doctrine/cases, fact application, decision/conclusion. Covers PYQ essence with latest jurisprudence for top marks.[2]
Question 5 of 5
Examine the scope of various Articles 14, 15, 16 (and other Constitutional provisions under Part III) in the protection and promotion of equality in India.
Why: Comprehensive essay covers scope, evolution, cases, interlinks for full mains marks per PYQ style.[2]
