Quick recall · 80 cards
Short MCQ-style retrieval prompts. Tap a card to reveal the answer.
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A good building stone should have which of the following qualities?
\ni. Uniform texture\nii. Strength\niii. Fire resistance\niv. Hardness
D · i, ii, iii and iv
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Which of the following stone is best suited for construction of piers and abutments of a railway bridge?
A · Granite
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The predominant constituent which is responsible for strength in granite is:
A · Quartz
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Crushing strength of a good building stone should be more than:
B · 100 MPa
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Granite is not suitable for ordinary building purpose because:
C · It is costly
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Which natural material is chemically classified as metamorphic rock?
A · Marble
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Specific gravity for most of the building stones lies between:
C · 2.5 to 3.0
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Which of the following is a common example of an igneous stone used in construction?
B · Granite
Granite is an igneous stone formed from the slow crystallization of magma and is widely used in construction due to its strength and durability.
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Igneous stones are primarily formed by which geological process?
C · Cooling and solidification of magma
Igneous stones form when molten magma cools and solidifies either beneath the earth's surface or after volcanic eruption.
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Which characteristic best distinguishes igneous stones from sedimentary stones?
B · Formed by cooling of magma
Igneous stones are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma, whereas sedimentary stones are formed by deposition and compaction of sediments.
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Which igneous stone is most suitable for heavy construction works due to its high compressive strength and durability?
B · Granite
Granite has high compressive strength and durability, making it suitable for heavy construction, unlike pumice which is lightweight and porous.
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Which of the following properties of igneous stones makes them resistant to weathering and suitable for external cladding?
B · Low water absorption
Low water absorption reduces weathering and decay, making igneous stones like granite suitable for external cladding.
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Which igneous stone is known for its fine-grained texture and is commonly used in road construction and as aggregate?
B · Basalt
Basalt is a fine-grained igneous stone widely used as crushed stone in road construction and as aggregate due to its hardness and durability.
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Which of the following is a typical sedimentary stone used in building construction?
B · Sandstone
Sandstone is a sedimentary stone formed by the compaction of sand particles and is commonly used in construction.
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Sedimentary stones are primarily formed by which process?
C · Deposition and compaction of sediments
Sedimentary stones form through deposition, compaction, and cementation of sediments over time.
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Which property of sedimentary stones generally limits their use in heavy load-bearing structures?
A · High porosity
Sedimentary stones often have high porosity, which reduces strength and durability, limiting their use in heavy load-bearing applications.
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Which sedimentary stone is preferred for ornamental work due to its fine grain and ease of carving?
A · Limestone
Limestone has a fine grain and is relatively soft, making it suitable for ornamental and sculptural work.
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Which sedimentary stone is most suitable for construction in humid climates due to its low water absorption and durability?
A · Sandstone
Sandstone generally has lower water absorption compared to other sedimentary stones like shale, making it more durable in humid climates.
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Which sedimentary stone is formed by the cementation of rounded gravel and pebbles?
A · Conglomerate
Conglomerate is a sedimentary rock formed by the cementation of rounded gravel and pebbles.
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Which of the following stones is classified as metamorphic?
A · Marble
Marble is a metamorphic stone formed by the recrystallization of limestone under heat and pressure.
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Metamorphic stones are primarily formed by which process?
C · Heat and pressure altering existing rocks
Metamorphic stones form when existing rocks are subjected to heat and pressure causing physical and chemical changes.
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Which metamorphic stone is widely used for flooring and decorative purposes due to its attractive appearance and polishability?
B · Marble
Marble is prized for its aesthetic appeal and ability to take a high polish, making it popular for flooring and decoration.
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Slate, a metamorphic stone, is preferred for roofing because of its:
B · Foliated structure and cleavage
Slate has a foliated structure and natural cleavage planes allowing it to be split into thin sheets ideal for roofing.
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Which metamorphic stone is formed by the metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone and is known for its hardness?
B · Quartzite
Quartzite forms from the metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone and is very hard and durable.
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Which physical property of stone is defined as the ability to resist water penetration?
B · Water absorption
Water absorption is the measure of the amount of water a stone can absorb, indicating its resistance to water penetration.
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Which physical property of stone affects its weight and is crucial for structural design calculations?
B · Density
Density is the mass per unit volume of stone and directly affects the weight and load calculations in structures.
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Which physical property of stone is most directly related to its durability against weathering and freeze-thaw cycles?
A · Porosity
Porosity determines how much water a stone can absorb; higher porosity increases susceptibility to weathering and freeze-thaw damage.
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Which physical property of stones is measured by Mohs scale and influences their resistance to abrasion?
A · Hardness
Hardness, measured by Mohs scale, indicates a stone's resistance to scratching and abrasion.
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Which physical property would you test to determine the suitability of a stone for use in wet environments such as fountains or pools?
A · Water absorption
Low water absorption is essential for stones used in wet environments to prevent damage and deterioration.
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Which mechanical property of stone is defined as the maximum compressive load it can withstand without failure?
A · Compressive strength
Compressive strength is the maximum compressive load a stone can bear before failure, critical for load-bearing applications.
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Which mechanical property is most important for stones used in pavements subjected to bending forces?
A · Flexural strength
Flexural strength measures a stone's ability to resist bending and is important for pavements and slabs.
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Which mechanical property of stone is generally the lowest and often neglected in structural design due to stone's brittle nature?
A · Tensile strength
Tensile strength of stone is usually very low compared to compressive strength, and stones tend to fail in tension.
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If a stone has a compressive strength of 100 MPa and a flexural strength of 10 MPa, what does this indicate about its mechanical behavior?
A · It is strong in compression but weak in bending
The stone can withstand high compressive loads but has much lower strength in bending (flexural strength), indicating brittleness under tensile stresses.
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Which mechanical property would be most critical when selecting stone for a bridge pier subjected to heavy vertical loads?
A · Compressive strength
Bridge piers primarily experience compressive loads, so compressive strength is the most critical property.
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Which of the following is a common example of an igneous stone used in construction?
B · Granite
Granite is a widely used igneous stone known for its durability and strength.
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What is the primary formation process of sedimentary stones?
B · Deposition and compaction of sediments
Sedimentary stones form from deposition, compaction, and cementation of sediments.
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Which metamorphic stone is commonly used for flooring due to its attractive appearance and durability?
A · Slate
Slate is a metamorphic stone valued for its fine texture and durability, making it suitable for flooring.
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Which physical property of stone primarily affects its ability to resist weathering and decay?
A · Porosity
Porosity influences how much water a stone can absorb, affecting its weathering resistance.
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Which mechanical property of stone is most important for structures subjected to heavy loads?
A · Compressive strength
Compressive strength determines the stone's ability to withstand heavy loads without failure.
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Which of the following stones is classified as an igneous rock?
B · Basalt
Basalt is an igneous rock formed from rapid cooling of lava at the surface.
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Which sedimentary stone is most suitable for use in ornamental architecture due to its ease of carving?
A · Limestone
Limestone is soft and easy to carve, making it popular for ornamental work.
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Which metamorphic stone is formed by the metamorphism of limestone?
A · Marble
Marble is formed when limestone undergoes metamorphism under heat and pressure.
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How does the porosity of a stone affect its durability in construction?
B · Lower porosity reduces water absorption, increasing durability
Lower porosity means less water absorption, reducing weathering and increasing durability.
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Which mechanical property is tested by applying a tensile load to a stone specimen?
A · Tensile strength
Tensile strength measures the resistance of stone to forces that attempt to pull it apart.
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Which igneous stone is preferred for heavy-duty flooring due to its high compressive strength and abrasion resistance?
B · Basalt
Basalt has high compressive strength and abrasion resistance, making it suitable for heavy-duty flooring.
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Which sedimentary stone is most likely to suffer from rapid weathering in a humid environment due to its high porosity?
A · Sandstone
Sandstone typically has high porosity, making it susceptible to weathering in humid conditions.
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In the context of metamorphic stones, which property is enhanced by the alignment of mineral grains during metamorphism?
A · Foliation
Foliation is the planar arrangement of mineral grains caused by pressure during metamorphism.
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Which physical property of stone is measured by the Mohs scale?
A · Hardness
The Mohs scale measures the hardness of minerals and stones.
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A stone with high compressive strength but low tensile strength is most suitable for which type of structural element?
A · Columns and foundations
Columns and foundations primarily experience compressive loads, so stones with high compressive strength are ideal.
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Which of the following stones is best suited for constructing retaining walls that require good weather resistance and strength?
A · Granite
Granite is strong and weather-resistant, making it suitable for retaining walls.
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Which sedimentary rock is primarily composed of calcium carbonate and used extensively in cement manufacturing?
A · Limestone
Limestone is mainly calcium carbonate and is a key raw material for cement.
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Which metamorphic stone is highly resistant to abrasion and is often used for kitchen countertops?
A · Quartzite
Quartzite is very hard and abrasion-resistant, making it suitable for countertops.
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Which physical property of stone affects its thermal insulation capability in building construction?
B · Porosity
Porosity affects the amount of air trapped in stone, influencing thermal insulation.
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A stone sample has a compressive strength of 50 MPa and a tensile strength of 5 MPa. For which structural application is this stone most suitable?
A · Load-bearing columns
High compressive strength and low tensile strength stones are suitable for load-bearing columns.
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Which igneous stone is characterized by a glassy texture and is rarely used in construction due to its brittleness?
A · Obsidian
Obsidian has a glassy texture and is brittle, limiting its use in construction.
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Which of the following properties primarily determines the durability of a building stone?
A · Porosity and water absorption
Durability of stone depends mainly on its porosity and water absorption, as these affect weathering and resistance to environmental conditions.
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Which type of stone is generally considered most durable for external building facades?
B · Granite
Granite is highly durable due to its low porosity and high resistance to weathering, making it suitable for external facades.
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Which factor does NOT significantly affect the durability of natural stone used in construction?
C · Workability
Workability affects ease of shaping stone but does not directly influence its durability.
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How does high water absorption impact the durability of a building stone?
C · Leads to faster deterioration due to freeze-thaw cycles
High water absorption allows water to enter pores, which can freeze and expand causing cracks, thus reducing durability.
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A stone with high resistance to abrasion and weathering is classified as having high:
A · Durability
High resistance to abrasion and weathering indicates high durability, essential for long-lasting construction materials.
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Which property of stone is primarily measured by its compressive strength?
C · Strength
Compressive strength measures the ability of stone to withstand loads that tend to reduce size, reflecting its strength.
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Among the following, which stone generally exhibits the highest compressive strength?
A · Granite
Granite typically has higher compressive strength compared to sandstone, limestone, and marble.
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Which of the following factors does NOT directly influence the strength of a stone?
C · Color of the stone
Color is generally unrelated to strength; strength depends on internal structure and composition.
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If a stone has a compressive strength of 150 MPa, what does this imply about its suitability for construction?
A · It is suitable for heavy load-bearing structures
A compressive strength of 150 MPa indicates the stone can withstand heavy loads, making it suitable for load-bearing applications.
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Which stone property is best described as the ease with which it can be cut, carved, or shaped without excessive effort?
C · Workability
Workability refers to how easily a stone can be worked or shaped for construction or decorative purposes.
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Which of the following stones is known for excellent workability due to its fine grain and uniform texture?
A · Marble
Marble has a fine grain and uniform texture, making it easier to carve and shape compared to harder stones like granite.
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Which factor reduces the workability of a stone?
B · High hardness
High hardness makes stone difficult to cut or shape, reducing workability.
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A sculptor wants to choose a stone that balances durability and ease of carving. Which stone should they select?
B · Marble
Marble offers good durability and is easier to carve than harder stones like granite or basalt.
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Which of the following is a common use of granite in construction?
A · Flooring and paving stones
Granite is widely used for flooring and paving due to its strength and durability.
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Limestone is commonly used in construction for which purpose?
A · Concrete aggregate and cement manufacture
Limestone is a key raw material for cement and is also used as aggregate in concrete.
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Which stone is best suited for decorative interior wall cladding due to its appearance and workability?
A · Marble
Marble's attractive appearance and ease of shaping make it ideal for decorative interior cladding.
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For constructing heavy foundation blocks in bridges, which stone is most appropriate?
A · Granite
Granite's high strength and durability make it suitable for heavy foundation blocks in bridges.
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Which of the following is NOT a primary criterion for selecting stone for construction?
C · Color preference
While color may influence aesthetics, it is not a primary technical criterion for stone selection.
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When selecting stone for a coastal construction exposed to salt spray, which property is most critical?
B · Resistance to chemical weathering
Resistance to chemical weathering is critical in coastal areas to prevent degradation from salt and moisture.
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Which combination of stone properties is ideal for selecting a stone for load-bearing columns?
B · High durability and high strength
Load-bearing columns require stones with high durability and strength to safely support loads over time.
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A stone with moderate strength but excellent workability and aesthetic appeal is best used for:
B · Decorative cladding and sculptures
Such stones are ideal for decorative applications where appearance and ease of shaping are prioritized over structural strength.
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Which of the following is a typical application of basalt in construction?
A · Road base and aggregate
Basalt is dense and hard, making it suitable as road base material and aggregate in concrete.
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In which construction application is sandstone most commonly used?
A · Wall cladding and flooring
Sandstone is often used for wall cladding and flooring due to its workability and aesthetic texture.
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Which stone is preferred for constructing railway ballast due to its hardness and durability?
A · Granite
Granite's hardness and durability make it suitable for railway ballast which must withstand heavy loads and abrasion.
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Which stone would be least suitable for use in a damp basement wall due to its high porosity and low durability?
A · Sandstone
Sandstone often has higher porosity and lower durability, making it unsuitable for damp environments.
